We strongly believe that the EU should have a central role in tackling rare diseases. The EU is in the best position to unite diverse healthcare systems, research institutions, and patient groups to work towards common goals. For rare diseases—where fragmentation is a major obstacle—this kind of large-scale integration and cooperation is exactly what's needed.
Since 2021 there has been growing momentum for a European Action Plan on Rare Diseases (EARP). The idea is to have a coordinated, EU‑level strategy that would:
- Harmonise and strengthen rare disease policies across member states
- Set measurable targets (for example, diagnostic delay, treatment access, number of new therapies)
- Improve infrastructure such as registries, cross‑border networks, data sharing, reference centres of expertise, etc.
- Encourage research and innovation, including funding, collaboration
The push is mainly driven by Eurordis, a non-governmental patient-driven alliance of patient organisations and individuals active in the field of rare diseases that promotes research on rare diseases and commercial development of orphan drugs. ESE is in contact with this key stakeholder and we sometimes work together. A Eurordis team member will for example speak at the ESE Hypoparathyroidism Patient Forum on November 15.
Where does the debate currently stand and who are the stakeholders involved?
Besides Eurordis, key players in the debate are the European Parliament (EP), the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) and the European Commission. The EESC voiced strong support for a comprehensive plan in October 2024 during their October 2024 Plenary Meeting. According to the EESC Opinion, the plan should have SMART targets that can be achieved by 2030. SMART stands for specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time bound.
Also, in the EP there is strong cross-party support for such a plan. During a plenary session in April 2025, MEPs called for a dedicated, strategic framework and to pool European and national resources to more effectively address the many challenges at hand. The European Reference Networks were also mentioned as a key tool to address rare diseases and a foundation to be built on.
Despite the pressure from Eurordis and its members, the EP and the EESC, the Commission has not made any firm commitments to the development of an EARP. It currently considers their activities based on the Commission Communication on Rare Diseases, the Council Recommendation on action in the field of rare diseases, and the Cross-Border Healthcare Directive sufficient, even though these documents from 2009 and 2011 could be considered slightly outdated by now.
Relatively absent from the debate are the member states, the pharmaceutical industry, but also most medical societies.
ESE has made several calls for a comprehensive EARP, most notably in our White Paper from 2021, but also for Rare Disease Day (28 or 29 February each year) and on World Hormone Day (24 April). In addition, we promoted the important function of the European Reference Networks with a focus on the important work of Endo-ERN.
The benefits a future action plan could have for rare endocrine diseases
Over 6,000 rare diseases, and over 400 in endocrinology, have led to 30 million rare disease patients in Europe. Currently there is a cure for only 6% of these rare diseases. Consequently, there is a very high unmet need in this area that remains unaddressed.
Eurordis’s recommendation for an EARP has the potential, if implemented correctly, to significantly speed up diagnosis and increase treatment options. Amongst others, the recommendations aim to reduce premature deaths, develop 1,000 medicinal products and diagnose every person within six months instead of the current five-year average.
If even some of these objectives could be accomplished, this could really change the outlook for rare disease patients and their families. We will continue to work on better prospects for those with rare endocrine conditions and/or other rare diseases and continue our ask for an urgently needed EARP. |